Hippopotamus

Extraordinary giants that roam the waters of Africa.

30km/h

speed

1.5-3 tonne

adult weight

40-50 years

lifespan

The hippopotamus, scientifically known as Hippopotamus Amphibious , is a large herbivorous mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa.

Hippos possess a massive and robust body, covered in thick, hairless skin that varies in colour from grey to brown. They have short legs, a broad muzzle, and wide-set nostrils positioned on the top of their head, allowing them to breathe while partially submerged in water. Known for their enormous mouth and formidable tusks, hippos display a set of long, curved incisor teeth that can grow up to 51 centimetres (20 inches) in length. While appearing slow and gentle, these mighty herbivores can be surprisingly agile and dangerous when defending their territory or young.

Find them at the following tours

Our photo safaris are designed to bring you as close to the wild as possible, so that you can watch and photograph these extraordinary animals in their natural habitat.

Overview

Hippos offer bold and unusual photographic moments. Their bulk, textured skin, and massive jaws make for dramatic close-ups, while scenes of them surfacing or wading through water capture the quieter side of their semi-aquatic lives.

Photographing hippos takes patience and distance. Early morning and late afternoon light reflects beautifully off the water, creating rich backdrops for silhouettes or action shots. With a telephoto lens, you can isolate details like facial creases, eyes just above the surface, or a sudden yawn revealing sharp tusks.

Key Facts

  • Hippos are the third-largest land mammal, with males weighing up to 1500kg.
  • They are primarily herbivorous, feeding on grasses, aquatic plants, and fruits, consuming vast amounts of vegetation each day.
  • Hippos spend most of their time in water, where they regulate their body temperature and protect their sensitive skin from the sun.
  • They are excellent swimmers, capable of staying submerged for several minutes and propelling themselves through the water using their powerful legs.
  • Hippos are highly territorial and aggressive, especially during the mating season or when protecting their young. They are responsible for more human deaths in Africa than any other large animal.
  • Although they have a stocky build, hippos can reach impressive speeds of up to 30 kilometres per hour (19 miles per hour) on land. • Their unique skin secretes a pinkish, oily substance that acts as a natural sunscreen and moisturizer, helping to protect their skin from drying out and sunburn.
  • Hippos have a complex social structure, living in groups known as “pods” or “bloats” that can consist of several individuals, led by a dominant male.
  • They communicate through various vocalizations, including grunts, roars, and bellows, which help establish dominance, warn of danger, or communicate with other members of the group.
  • The hippopotamus population is currently considered vulnerable due to habitat loss, poaching, and conflicts with human activities.

Types and Habitats

There are two species of hippopotamus: the common hippo and the much smaller, forest-dwelling pygmy hippo. Common hippos are found across sub-Saharan Africa, living in rivers, lakes, and wetlands where they spend most of the day submerged to keep cool. Pygmy hippos, rarely seen in the wild, inhabit dense forests and swamps in West Africa and are far more elusive.

WHERE TO FIND ME

Find them at these destinations

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FAQ

Explore the Fascinating World of This Animal Through These Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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